Aneurysm: Signs You Shouldn’t IgnoreAn aneurysm is a weakened, bulging area in the wall of a blood vessel. Many aneurysms cause no symptoms until they become large, leak, or rupture. A ruptured aneurysm is a medical emergency.
The symptoms depend on where the aneurysm is located.
Brain aneurysm
A leaking or ruptured brain aneurysm may cause:
- A sudden, severe headache (“the worst headache of my life”)
- Nausea or vomiting
- Stiff neck
- Sensitivity to light
- Blurred or double vision
- Drooping eyelid
- Confusion or loss of consciousness
- Seizures
Call emergency services immediately if someone develops a sudden, severe headache or these symptoms.
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)
An aneurysm in the abdomen may cause:
- Deep, persistent pain in the abdomen or back
- A pulsating feeling in the abdomen
- Sudden severe abdominal or back pain if it ruptures
- Dizziness, fainting, or signs of shock if there is major bleeding
Thoracic aortic aneurysm
An aneurysm in the chest may cause:
- Chest pain
- Back pain
- Hoarseness
- Difficulty swallowing
- Shortness of breath
Risk factors
Factors that increase the risk of some aneurysms include:
- Smoking
- High blood pressure
- Older age
- Family history
- Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries)
- Certain inherited connective tissue disorders
Can aneurysms be prevented?
While not all aneurysms can be prevented, you can reduce your risk by:
- Not smoking
- Controlling blood pressure
- Managing cholesterol and diabetes
- Exercising regularly
- Following your healthcare professional’s recommendations
When to seek medical care
Seek emergency medical attention if you experience:
- A sudden, severe headache unlike any you’ve had before
- Sudden severe chest, back, or abdominal pain
- Fainting or loss of consciousness
- Symptoms of stroke (such as sudden weakness, facial drooping, or difficulty speaking)
Many aneurysms are discovered before they rupture during imaging done for other reasons. Early diagnosis and treatment can greatly reduce the risk of serious complications.
