Here are eight types of medications that require caution because of their potential effects on kidney health.
1. Ibuprofen
Ibuprofen is a common pain reliever and anti-inflammatory medication. Frequent or excessive use can reduce blood flow to the kidneys, particularly in older adults, people who are dehydrated, or those with kidney disease.
2. Naproxen
Naproxen belongs to the same drug class as ibuprofen. Long-term use may increase the risk of kidney injury, especially when combined with certain other medications.
3. Diclofenac
Diclofenac is another anti-inflammatory medicine that can affect kidney function when used improperly or for extended periods.
4. High-Dose Aspirin
Aspirin is commonly used for pain relief and cardiovascular protection. While low-dose aspirin prescribed by a doctor is generally considered safe for many people, high doses taken regularly may contribute to kidney problems.
5. Certain Antibiotics
Some antibiotics can affect the kidneys, particularly when doses are not adjusted for kidney function. Examples include certain aminoglycosides and other medications that require careful monitoring by healthcare professionals.
6. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Medications used to reduce stomach acid, such as Omeprazole, have been associated with an increased risk of kidney-related complications in some studies, particularly with long-term use.
7. Lithium
Lithium is used to treat certain mental health conditions. Long-term use may affect kidney function, making regular monitoring important.
8. Some Diuretics
Diuretics, sometimes called “water pills,” help remove excess fluid from the body. When not used appropriately, they can contribute to dehydration and place additional stress on the kidneys.
Who Is at Higher Risk?
The risk of medication-related kidney damage is higher for:
- Adults over age 65
- People with chronic kidney disease
- Individuals with diabetes
- People with high blood pressure
- Those who are dehydrated
- People taking multiple medications
Warning Signs of Kidney Problems
Seek medical attention if you experience:
- Swelling in the feet, ankles, or hands
- Reduced urination
- Persistent fatigue
- Nausea or vomiting
- Shortness of breath
- Unexplained confusion
These symptoms can have many causes but may indicate kidney dysfunction.
How to Protect Your Kidneys
- Take medications exactly as prescribed.
- Avoid exceeding recommended doses.
- Stay adequately hydrated unless instructed otherwise by a doctor.
- Inform healthcare providers about all medications and supplements you take.
- Attend recommended kidney function tests if you use long-term medications.
The Bottom Line
Many medications can be used safely when taken according to medical advice, but some carry risks for kidney health if misused. The medications listed above should not be stopped or avoided solely based on a headline. Instead, discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider, who can help weigh the benefits and risks based on your individual health situation.
