Atorvastatin is a prescription medication used to help lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of cardiovascular problems such as heart attacks and strokes. It belongs to a group of medicines called statins (also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors).
How atorvastatin works
Atorvastatin blocks an enzyme in the liver that helps make cholesterol. This leads to:
- Lower LDL (“bad”) cholesterol
- Lower triglyceride levels
- A modest increase in HDL (“good”) cholesterol
- Reduced buildup of cholesterol-containing plaques in arteries
Why is it commonly prescribed?
Doctors commonly prescribe atorvastatin for people who:
- Have high LDL cholesterol
- Have a history of heart attack, stroke, or coronary artery disease
- Have diabetes or other risk factors that increase cardiovascular risk
- Need cholesterol reduction to prevent future heart or blood vessel problems
Common brand name
Atorvastatin is widely known by the brand name Lipitor, although it is also available as a generic medication.
Possible side effects
Many people tolerate atorvastatin well, but possible side effects include:
- Muscle aches or weakness
- Headache
- Digestive symptoms (such as nausea or diarrhea)
- Mild increases in liver enzymes
Rare but serious side effects can include:
- Severe muscle injury (rhabdomyolysis)
- Significant liver problems
Important considerations
- Tell your healthcare provider about all medications and supplements you take because some can interact with atorvastatin.
- Avoid or limit grapefruit and grapefruit juice if your healthcare provider advises it, as large amounts may affect how the body processes some statins.
- Do not stop taking atorvastatin without discussing it with your prescriber; cholesterol levels may rise again and cardiovascular protection may be reduced.
Atorvastatin is one of the most widely studied cholesterol-lowering medicines and is commonly used because lowering LDL cholesterol has been shown to reduce the risk of serious cardiovascular events in appropriate patients.
