The headline “Eight pills you shouldn’t take because they damage your kidneys” is overly broad. Many medications can affect the kidneys in certain people or under certain circumstances, but that does not mean everyone should avoid them. Often, the benefits outweigh the risks when the drugs are used correctly.
Here are medication types that can increase the risk of kidney problems:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
- Examples include ibuprofen and naproxen.
- Long-term use, high doses, dehydration, older age, heart failure, or existing kidney disease increase the risk.
- Certain antibiotics
- Some antibiotics (such as aminoglycosides and, less commonly, others) can affect kidney function, especially with prolonged use or high doses.
- Some antiviral medications
- Certain antivirals require dose adjustment in people with reduced kidney function.
- Certain chemotherapy drugs
- Some cancer treatments can be toxic to the kidneys, so kidney function is monitored closely during treatment.
- Lithium
- Used to treat certain mental health conditions. Long-term use can affect kidney function in some people, which is why regular blood tests are recommended.
- Some diuretics (“water pills”)
- They do not usually damage healthy kidneys directly, but if they cause significant dehydration or electrolyte imbalances, kidney function can be affected.
- Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
- Medications such as omeprazole have been linked to rare kidney inflammation and, in some studies, a higher risk of chronic kidney disease. These events are uncommon, and PPIs remain appropriate for many people when medically indicated.
- Certain herbal supplements
- Some herbal products contain substances that can injure the kidneys or interact with prescription medications.
Who is at higher risk?
The risk is greater if you:
- Already have kidney disease.
- Are older.
- Have diabetes or heart failure.
- Are dehydrated.
- Take several medications that affect the kidneys.
Protecting your kidneys
- Take medications exactly as prescribed.
- Avoid using NSAIDs regularly unless advised by a healthcare professional.
- Stay well hydrated unless you’ve been told to restrict fluids.
- Inform your healthcare provider about all prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and supplements you take.
- If you have kidney disease, ask whether any medication doses need adjustment.
Seek medical attention if you develop
- A marked decrease in urination.
- Swelling of the legs, ankles, or face.
- Persistent nausea or vomiting.
- Unexplained fatigue or confusion.
- Blood in the urine.
